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Chapter 6: The UK and International Institutions

The Commonwealth

A voluntary association of 56 independent countries, most of which were formerly part of the British Empire.

4 min read
Exam Topic
Based on official handbook (3rd edition)

Key Facts

Member countries
56
Head
King Charles III
Headquarters
London
Commonwealth Day
Second Monday in March
Focus areas
Democracy, development, human rights

The Commonwealth of Nations is a unique international organisation linking 56 countries across the globe. Most member nations have historical ties to the British Empire, but today the Commonwealth is a voluntary association of equals.

What is the Commonwealth?

The Commonwealth is not a political union or a trading bloc—it is a family of nations that share common values and goals:

  • **Democracy and good governance**
  • **Human rights and equality**
  • **Sustainable development**
  • **Peace and security**

History

The modern Commonwealth evolved from the British Empire: - **1926** - Balfour Declaration recognised dominions as autonomous - **1931** - Statute of Westminster gave legal equality - **1949** - London Declaration established the modern Commonwealth - **1950s-70s** - Decolonisation expanded membership

Member Countries

The Commonwealth includes nations on every continent: - **Africa** - South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, Ghana - **Americas** - Canada, Jamaica, Barbados - **Asia** - India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Malaysia, Singapore - **Europe** - UK, Malta, Cyprus - **Pacific** - Australia, New Zealand, Fiji

The Head of the Commonwealth

King Charles III is the Head of the Commonwealth. This is a symbolic role—he does not govern Commonwealth countries. The role is not hereditary and was conferred on Charles in 2018.

Commonwealth Day

Commonwealth Day is celebrated on the second Monday in March. The King delivers a message, and events are held across member countries.

The Commonwealth Games

The Commonwealth Games are held every four years, bringing together athletes from member nations in a celebration of sport and shared heritage.

📝Why This Appears on the Test

Know what the Commonwealth is, how many members it has, and that the King is Head of the Commonwealth.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • Thinking the Commonwealth is the same as the British Empire
  • Assuming Commonwealth countries are governed by the UK
  • Confusing the number of member states

The Commonwealth FAQ

This content is based on the official "Life in the United Kingdom: A Guide for New Residents" (3rd edition) published by the UK Home Office. Content is regularly reviewed and updated to ensure accuracy. For the most current test requirements, always check the official GOV.UK website.

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